The eNotes Blog Emersons Encouragement A Letter to the Young WaltWhitman

Emersons Encouragement A Letter to the Young WaltWhitman In 1855, Ralph Waldo Emerson was a literary star and an in-demand lecturer. He accepted dozens of invitations to speak across the country and was so popular that even though his rhetoric often was above the level of comprehension of many of the attendees of his speeches, people came anyway. Once, at a packed hall, a reporter asked a laundress if she was able to follow what Emerson was saying. Not a word, she replied, but I like to go and see him stand up there and look as though he thought everyone was as good as he is. Despite his popularity, it is said that Emerson was not a particularly warm man. He was always  called Mr. Emerson, even by close friends. When a friend counseled the writer that he could be more influential if he could adopt a warmer tone, Emerson curtly replied that he never intended to be a substitute for the kitchen stove. Knowing these things about Emerson, his hectic schedule and his less-than-cuddly personality,   makes his letter to the then unknown young poet Walt Whitman all the more extraordinary.   In his scrawling hand, the entire three-page letter reads as follows:   DEAR SIRI am not blind to the worth of the wonderful gift of LEAVES OF GRASS. I find it the most extraordinary piece of wit and wisdom that America has yet contributed. I am very happy in reading it, as great power makes us happy. It meets the demand I am always making of what seemed the sterile and stingy nature, as if too much handiwork, or too much lymph in the temperament, were making our western wits fat and mean. I give you joy of your free and brave thought. I have great joy in it. I find incomparable things said incomparably well, as they must be. I find the courage of treatment which so delights us, and which large perception only can inspire. I greet you   at the beginning of a great career, which yet must have had a long foreground somewhere, for such a start. I rubbed my eyes a little, to see if this sunbeam were no illusion; but the solid sense of the book is a sober certainty. It has the best merits, namely, of fortifying and encouraging. I did not know until I last night saw the book advertised in newspaper that I could trust the name as real and available for a post-office. I wish to see my benefactor, and have felt much like striking my tasks, and visiting New York to pay you my respects. R.W. EMERSON    The honor of the address was not lost on young Whitman. In the 1856 appendix of  Leaves of Grass,  Whitman composed an open letter to Ralph Waldo Emerson. On the spine of the book, Whitman had Emersons encouraging words embossed: I greet you at the beginning   of a great career. Here,   in part,   is Whitmans letter to his mentor. You can read the entire (very long) letter here: HERE are thirty-two Poems, which I send you, dear Friend and Master, not having found how I could satisfy myself with sending any usual acknowledgment of your letter. The first edition, on which you mailed me that till now unanswered letter, was twelve poems I printed a thousand copies, and they readily sold; these thirty-two Poems I stereotype, to print several thousand copies of. I much enjoy making poems. Other work I have set for myself to do, to meet people and The States face to face, to confront them with an American rude tongue; but the work of my life is making poems. I keep on till I make a hundred, and then several hundred perhaps a thousand. The way is clear to me. A few years, and the average annual call for my Poems is ten or twenty thousand copies more, quite likely. Why should I hurry or compromise? In poems or in speeches I say the word or two that has got to be said, adhere to the body, step with the countless common footsteps, and remind every man and woman of something. Leaves of Grass,  of course, has become one of the most lauded works of American literature but its journey to greatness was a long and complicated one. It went through between six and nine different editions, the final, in 1891, was released just one year before Whitmans death. While Emerson did not live to see Whitmans genius fully celebrated (Emerson died in 1882), he certainly was correct in his assessment of the young writers talent and promise.

The Difference Between Procedural and Substantive Law

The Difference Between Procedural and Substantive Law Procedural law and substantive law are the two primary categories of law in the dual U.S. court system. These two types of law play different but essential roles in protecting the rights of individuals in the United States criminal justice system. Key Terms Procedural law is the set of rules by which courts in the United States decide the outcomes of all criminal, civil, and administrative cases.  Substantive law describes how people are expected to behave according to accepted social norms.  Procedural laws govern how court proceedings dealing with the enforcement of substantive laws are conducted.   Two Categories of Law Substantive law - literally the â€Å"substance† of the law - governs how people are expected to behave according to accepted social norms. The Ten Commandments, for example, is a set of substantive laws. Today, substantive law defines rights and responsibilities in all court proceedings. In criminal cases, substantive law governs how guilt or innocence is to be determined, and how crimes are charged and punished. Procedural laws govern how court proceedings that deal with the enforcement of substantive laws are conducted. Since the primary object of all court proceedings is to determine the truth according to the best available evidence, procedural laws of evidence govern the admissibility of evidence and the presentation and testimony of witnesses. For example, when judges sustain or overrule objections raised by lawyers, they do so according to procedural laws. Both procedural and substantive law may be altered over time by Supreme Court rulings and constitutional interpretations. Application of Criminal Procedural Law While each state has adopted its own set of procedural laws, usually called a â€Å"Code of Criminal Procedure,† the basic procedures followed in most jurisdictions include: All arrests must be based on probable cause;Prosecutors file charges that must clearly spell out what crimes the accused person allegedly committed;The accused person is arraigned before a judge and given the opportunity to enter a plea - a statement of guilt or innocence;The judge asks the accused whether they need a court-appointed attorney or will supply their own attorney;The judge will either grant or deny the accused bail or bond and set an amount to be paid;An official notice to appear in court is delivered to the accused;If the accused and prosecutors cannot reach a plea bargain agreement, trial dates are set;If the accused person is convicted at trial, the judge advises them of their rights to appeal;In the case of guilty verdicts, the trial moves to the sentencing phase. In most states, the same laws that define criminal offenses also set the maximum sentences that can be imposed, from fines to time in jail. However, the state and federal courts follow very different procedural laws for sentencing. Sentencing In State Courts The procedural laws of some states provide for a bifurcated or two-part trial system, in which sentencing is conducted in a separate trial held after a guilty verdict has been reached. The sentencing phase trial follows the same basic procedural laws as the guilt or innocence phase, with the same jury hearing evidence and determining sentences. The judge will advise the jury of the range of severity of sentences that may be imposed under state law. Sentencing In Federal Courts In the federal courts, judges themselves impose sentences based on a more narrow set of federal sentencing guidelines. In determining an appropriate sentence’ the judge, rather than a jury, will consider a report on the defendant’s criminal history prepared by a federal probation officer, as well as evidence presented during the trial. In the federal criminal courts, judges use a point system based on the defendant’s prior convictions, if any, in applying the federal sentencing guidelines. In addition, federal judges do not have the leeway to impose sentences more or less severe than those allowed under the federal sentencing guidelines. Sources of Procedural Laws Procedural law is established by each individual jurisdiction. Both the state and federal courts have created their own sets of procedures. In addition, county and municipal courts may have specific procedures that must that must be followed. These procedures typically include how cases are filed with the court, how parties involved are notified, and how official records of court proceedings are handled. In most jurisdictions, procedural laws are found in publications such as the â€Å"Rules of Civil Procedure,† and â€Å"Rules of Court.† The procedural laws of the federal courts can be found in the â€Å"Federal Rules of Civil Procedure.† Basic Elements of Substantive Criminal Law In comparison to procedural criminal law, substantive criminal law involves the â€Å"substance† of the charges filed against accused persons. Every charge is made up of elements, or the specific acts required to amount to the commission of a crime. Substantive law requires that prosecutors prove beyond all reasonable doubt that every element of crime took place as charged in order for the accused person to be convicted of that crime. For example, to secure a conviction for a charge of felony-level driving while intoxicated, prosecutors must prove the following substantive elements of the crime: The accused person was, in fact, the person operating the motor vehicle;The vehicle was being operated on a public roadway;The accused person was legally intoxicated while operating the vehicle; andThe accused person had prior convictions for driving while intoxicated. Other substantive state laws involved in the above example include: The maximum allowed percentage of alcohol in the accused person’s blood at the time of arrest; andThe number of prior convictions for driving while intoxicated. Because both procedural and substantive laws can vary by state and sometimes by county, persons charged with crimes should consult with a certified criminal law attorney practicing in their jurisdiction. Sources of Substantive Law In the United States, substantive law comes from the state legislatures and Common Law - law based on societal customs and enforced by the courts. Historically, Common Law made up set of statutes and case law that governed England and the American colonies prior to the American Revolution. During the 20th century, substantive laws changed and grew in number quickly as Congress and the state legislatures moved to unify and modernize many principles of Common Law. For example, since its enactment in 1952, the Uniform Commercial Code (UCC), governing commercial transactions has been fully or partially adopted by all U.S. states to replace the Common Law and differing state laws as the single authoritative source of substantive commercial law.

Product Reassessment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

Product Reassessment - Essay Example The BlackBerry previously was restricted to corporate only. However, it has recently been opened to any user of the mobile phone. The current population in the United States is composed on majority youths who increasingly need to communicate through the social media with peers as well as with corporations in which they have interest to work for. It can be well repositioned in the market through doing market research in order to identify the market segmentation so that marketing strategies can be developed so as to market the product in the most significant segments of the market (United States Census Bureau, 2010). The population of the United States is composed of corporations, individuals and other organizations of different lifestyles and ages. Repositioning this product in the market would involve carrying a market analysis of the demographic factors of the United States population. It is important to identify certain significant research methods applicable in finding necessary m eans of repositioning BlackBerry in the market. One such research method would be comparative research methodology, which involves finding of the various aspects of the demographic factors of the United States, in which case, differences and similarities with regard to the cultural aspects as well as lifestyles of the different market segments will be considered. Proper analysis of the characteristics of United States demographics will be scrutinized in order to ensure that significant findings which can assists in drawing of relevant conclusions are found. Surveys can be conducted with regard to popularity of this product so that data and information can be obtained (United States Census Bureau, 2010). Comparisons should be made with regard to the various factors contributing to the decline in the usage of the product in the United States. Similarities which exist with regard to different demographic factors should be considered in which case differences should as well be analyzed concerning the differences among the demographic factors. This will be significant in identifying various concerning issues which impact on the fresh marketing of this product so that it strongly establishes in the United States market. As such, it is clear that comparative research method will be significant in carrying out this kind of research in order to enhance repositioning of the product in the market. In order to increase adoption rates, certain significant methods should be used so as to encourage people to revert to usage of the BlackBerry in the United States. Marketing strategies would be high significant in this regard. Advertising of the products should be done through various advertising media including the television, radios, the as well as print press. Essentially adverts should be repeated on certain intervals within the televisions and radios in order to keep the masses informed and aware of the product. Product features should be well displayed and demonstration on the usage of the product well done in order to make prospective buyers to develop interest in the product (United States Census Bureau, 2010). Sales agents should be positioned in different areas and regions which are the target market for the organization producing the BlackBerry. Essentially, promotional strategies would be applicable to ensuring creation of awareness as well as

Why the Revolution Will Not Be Tweeted Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Why the Revolution Will Not Be Tweeted - Essay Example The article ‘Small Change: Why the revolution will not be tweeted?’ by Malcolm Gladwell broadly conforms to the belief that change movements need to be backed by the disciplined hierarchical authority with centralized control. It helps in running the movement for a sustained period of time to achieve desired goals and objectives. The people need to be involved physically and emotionally with the cause so that they can relate to it. ‘Strong ties’ connects people. He says the success of the Civil Rights Movement was because people were also emotionally connected with the issue and were guided by Martin Luther King Jr. and the Church. There was no ambiguity in the way it was to be carried out which made it more focused and easily sustainable for a long time if required. Author denigrates the importance of social networking media in ushering social changes within society. His main contention is that it has a short span of memory for important issues and it is no t backed by a personal commitment to the cause.The article has used comparative secondary resources to understand and emphasize the paradigms of social change. He especially discusses the role of social networking media as against personal and more traditional means of social activism which directly juxtaposes political authority and popular will. The case of Greensboro, North Carolina has been used to showcase the power of people. The movement was started by just four college students as a sit-in Woolworth’s but within a week, spread like wildfire to encompass hundreds of students across wider geographical areas. The Civil Rights Movement had also huge participation of people, dragging on for years with the same zeal and culminating in the Civil Rights Act.

Dialogue Essays - Freshly Cut Grass -- Dialogue Essays

Dialogue Essays - Freshly Cut Grass The air sings with the fragrance of freshly cut grass. As a backdrop to other things, children are at play, swinging too and fro, running and skipping; there are toddlers who toddle and mindful mothers who watch on in painful and patient distraction. The sun is everywhere: in the corners of the pavilion, bearing down on the tennis courts, caressing the flower beds, the convection of its heat pulling at the carpet-like lawns, dragging out bodily its scent. Meanwhile the park keeper potters about, the days' work done, reluctant to leave his eternal garden with its endless memories. Standing in the shade of elm he drifts away, and almost never comes back. He half-watches half-feels the bumble bees bumble from flower to flower. Else where, there is great inactivity, and everyone is busy doing it to a degree close to perfection. The park keeper, a simple man in blue overalls, T- shirt, straw hat, blue pumps and pockets full of silence, seeks out the cool of deeper shadow, retiring to the hidden security of his tool shed, where he sits in the stripy curve of a well worn deck chair. Door ajar, pipe smouldering, gazing out into the summery world through eyes bright with the light of nearly wisdom, he surveys his universe with unhurried care. A days grass cutting concluded, the park keeper presently plays part of an extra, superfluous to the tale's needs, and knowing this, he fades from focus. Over a ways, cross legged, mounted on a blanket and hiding on the inside of a book, sits the person of Doris, who, like her name, is of another age. On display, for the world to see, like a dusty exhibit in the quiet, unvisited corner of a dead museum, she aw... ...im again. She saw him everyday for the rest of her life. It was all so long ago, akin to a dream. It had been real enough though, and she is strangely thankful for it. Thankful to have known existence, and felt the terrible pain of it. She can almost feel the echo of its sorrow. Doris is all but dead, and she all but knows it. The fire of her life is fuelled by a few remaining drops of hope, but even they will soon be exhausted. She stands to leave. Walking by the park keeper in his hide-away, he gives a smile of recognition. Of his routine, she knows it well. Next Friday he will once again mow the lawns, releasing their fragrance into the air, to fill the world with sweet perfume. Doris will be there, to breathe it deeply, gasping for more, until it fills her mind, until she becomes drunk, once again, with that smell of freshly cut grass.

Comparison of the Rwanda Genocide with the Holocaust

Comparison of the Rwanda Genocide with the Holocaust The events of both Rwanda and the Holocaust were equally horrific parts of history that will never be forgotten. In the years of April and June of 1994, the Rwanda genocide occurred. The history behind this was the resentment of being inferior. When Belgium claimed Rwanda and surrounding areas for German East Africa in about 1924, there became tension between two tribes. The Belgiums favored the Tutsi (which were 12% of the population) and the Hutu (85% of population) grew angry for being considered inferior. This struggle waged on for sixty years and finally hit its peak. The catalyst of the genocide was when President Juvenal Habyarimana, the Rwandan leader and Hutu, was killed when his plane was shot down on April 6, 1994. The Hutus blamed the Tutsi for his death and with various other problems, the true battles began. When a Tutsi ruler took control, the Hutus were greatly angered. The Tutsis and their supporters were being slaughtered in anger and retribution. Most of Rwanda’s population took action in this event, spreading the genocide throughout the nation. About 800,000 people died in this tragedy. Though both events were in different time periods, the Rwanda genocide and the Holocaust are very similar to each other. Both were the killing of a specific group(s) of people. People in both genocides killed their friends and even family members, whether directly or indirectly. Hundreds of thousands and even millions of innocent people were sentenced to death just by a prejudice of others. Anyone or anything that was associated with Jews or Tutsis were completely decimated. Both groups tried to flee to safety, whether that was Sweden or Zaire. However, a difference in these two genocides is that the Jews were pulled into concentration camps, where they stayed, awaiting their deaths. In Rwanda, the Tutsis were killed outright and there was not a specific organization that led in these attacks. The genocides in both Germany and Rwanda were eventually stopped with the help of outside forces. The casualties in these events are still remembered and still have a great impact on the world. However, the casualties in Rwanda still climb over the years that have passed, but this is not part of the genocide because both Tutsis and Hutus were being killed by the opposite sides. The Holocaust and the Rwanda genocide are some of the darkest moments in history that have affected the world in ways that will never be forgotten.

Fashion Designing and the Global Fashion Industry

Fashion Designing Until the mid 19th century, most of the clothing at men and women wore was custom made. There were present dress makers and tailors who stitched clothing and sold it to individual. With the advent of technologies like the sewing machine, global capitalism grew and the fashion industry spread throughout the world. Starting initially from America and Europe, the fashion industry quickly spread throughout the world. With the globalization of fashion, different ideas and trends are accessible to people all over the world. Apart from allowing better trends to settler, a global fashion industry paves way for the production of more jobs and flow of cash in the developing countries. Due to this industry being globalized, it is possible that an American company can attain fabric from China, get them manufactured in Vietnam, completed in Italy for instance and then delivered back to the United States for sale. Apart from flow of revenue, it is paved way for countries to enhance their trade an d thus make profit from this industry. Where the Fashion Industry goes on to promote Fashion as a means of globalization and an industry without regulation, racism is quite prevalent in the industry as well. Different genders and races have been targeted either it is through modeling or through the production of different brands. Even after years of struggles to end discrimination against African Americans many African American still feel as if they are being victimized inShow MoreRelatedFootwear Design Of Shoes And Shoes1223 Words   |  5 Pagesis the name of this career field. Footwear designing is another form of fashion designing but with shoes. Footwear design includes the design of shoes and creation of shoes and several other types and styles. Footwear designing allows people to show and express their creativity through shoes. Footwear designers use art and creativity through shoes to influence the world. I believe that I have new ideas that would make an impact on the wor ld through fashion. ​ According to Shoe History and Facts, â€Å"AdvancementsRead MoreMarketing Plan: ZARA1571 Words   |  7 PagesJastine Eugenio Ms. Angelica May Ignacio Ms. Mary Christine Agojo Ms. Shenna Mae Reyes Mr. Eric Balaoro I. Executive Summary Zara is the largest retail company owned and run by Inditex, largest Spanish corporation and the world’s largest fashion group. The way Zara has runs its company is by following a vertical integrated operation that has the advantage to shorten the time in making decisions. Inventories in the stores depend on the geographic area in which the store is located; and theRead MoreAnalysis of the Fashion Industry1301 Words   |  6 PagesFashion is one of the world’s most important creative industries. It has provided economic thought with a canonical example in theorizing about consumption and conformity. Social thinkers have long treated fashion as a window upon social class and social change. Cultural theorists have focused on fashion to reflect on symbolic meaning and social ideals. Fashion has also been seen to embody representative characteristics of modernity, and even of culture itself. Everyone wears clothing and inevitablyRead MoreElie Saab s Influence On Fashion Starting From Early Ages Essay1349 Words   |  6 Pages1. INTRODUCTION Elie Saab developed an interest on fashion starting from early ages. Built his first atelier only at the age of 18. His passion for fashion and haute couture grew in the following years and has dedicated himself to his brand from design to brand and customer communications .According to him :â€Å"Couture was a creative engine for the entire brand, a marketing tool for foundation of an image on a profound long term level.† 2. BACKGROUND 2.1. Core Product-Total Product View 1.Read MoreCharacterisitics of Business Leadership: Vera Wang1697 Words   |  7 PagesDescribe the business leader’s primary business or businesses, highlighting how the leader got started and analyze the leader’s three (3) major business challenges in establishing and/or running the company. Vera Wang began her career in the fashion industry in 1971, working her way up the corporate ladder to Senior Editor for Vogue. In 1987, she began working for Ralph Lauren, dealing primarily with accessories. In 1987, out of frustration with the lack of options to suit her sophisticated tasteRead MoreQuestions On The Business Opportunity Essay1678 Words   |  7 Pages1.0 The Business Opportunity 1.1 The Marketplace Problem The fashion industry especially the retail business has not received full exploitation and therefore an opportunity exists in the bringing affordable quality products to the proximity of customers. Many retail shops stock women only fashion products excluding other sensitive groups such as children. Therefore, Trendy Fashions will house a chain of products that cater for the needs of both women and children. The reason why this class of peopleRead MoreFashion : The Window Of The Soul Essay1639 Words   |  7 Pages Fashion: The Window to the Soul Fashion is a combination of Art, love and History. It gives a person a voice without speaking and a purpose. Fashion has been around for decades before it was given a name. In Queen Elizabeth I Era one s clothing showed social status, individuality, and grace. Women were mostly into fashion, their clothes were unrealistic ; wide hips and small waist (corset). Another glamorizing or disfiguring tool used by fashion-conscious womenRead MoreThe Retail Giant Of Zara Essay1351 Words   |  6 PagesThe retail giant Zara have proven that utilizing all resources and different management techniques branded the store as a fashion empire. However, Zara has been named one of the most profitable retailers in the world. Zara has expanded and is operating stores all over the world which makes the retailer global. The philosophy behind the retail giant is immersing new fashion fast. Furthermore, Zara focus is producing high-end quality clothes through creativity. The retail giant u ses a rapid responseRead MoreThe Marketing Strategy Of Zara1394 Words   |  6 Pagesbecome necessary for businesses to invest heavily in marketing to have chances of succeeding in the market. Zara, just like any other big business organization employs unique marketing model to help it achieve its targets. This paper examines the fashion marketing strategy and brand development strategies of Zara. Company Background Zara is a Spanish chain store of Inditex Group, one of the world’s biggest retail store in the world. Founded by Amancio Ortega in 1975 in Spain, where its still homeRead MoreCase Study : Zaras Success1299 Words   |  6 Pagesprocess (slack et al, 2010). This is an essay on Zara (a fashion retailer) and how its approach to operation management makes it a successful company. OVERVIEW OF ZARA Zara employs one of the greatest and most successful operations strategy in the retail industry is the strategy employed by Zara. Zara being the flagship brand of a Spanish fashion retail giant, Inditex, (Industrias de Deseno Texti S.A.), was founded in 1975 and is engaged in designing textiles, manufacturing and distribution (Dutta. D